Jamaat-e-Islami – A socio-politico-religious organization in the Indian sub-continent was founded by Syed Abul Aala Maududi in 1941 in Lahore. Though Jamaat-e-Islami Jammu and Kashmir has ideological similarities with Jamaat-e-Islami India and Pakistan, but maintains a separate constitution and different modus operandi on account of the disputed nature of Jammu and Kashmir. Jamaat since its inception challenged the political hegemony of India and launched political awareness campaigns within the state. Sheikh Abdullah extended the emergency declared in India by the Indira Gandhi regime to J&K in 1975 and banned Jamaat and schools run by it. Jamaat detested Shaikh Abdullah’s move to end the plebiscite front and opposed the Indira-Abdullah accord. Jamaat challenged Abdullah by contesting against him and his party in 1977’s parliamentary elections. This culminated in a conspiracy hatched against Jamaat on the occasion of Bhutto’s hanging in Pakistan in April 1979. The property of Jamaat members, worth crores, was damaged by state-backed mobs.

The Bijbehara massacre is a harrowing chapter in the history of the Kashmir conflict, one that sent shockwaves not only through the region but also garnered the attention of the international community.

On August 5, 2019, India revoked the semiautonomous status of the
Indian Occupied Jammu and Kashmir thereby downgrading the erstwhile state into two centrally governed union territories – Jammu
and Kashmir, and Ladakh.

The Institute of Kashmir Studies (IKS) conducted a detailed study on the Lal-Chowk Arson, immediately after its incidence.

The government of India has employed
different forms and strategies of counter-insurgency operations in
Kashmir.